What is Concussion (Return-to-Sport Protocol)?
A concussion is a type of mild brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body that affects brain function. The Return-to-Sport (RTS) Protocol is a structured step-by-step plan that guides athletes safely back to their sport after a concussion, ensuring full recovery before resuming high-impact activity.
Prevalence
Concussions are common among athletes, especially in contact sports. Studies show 1.6 to 3.8 million sports-related concussions occur each year worldwide.
Occurrence
Concussions can happen during practice or competition, particularly in sports involving high speed, contact, or collisions.
Affected Male-Female Ratio
Males report more sports-related concussions, especially in football, rugby, and hockey. However, females in sports like soccer or basketball have higher rates of symptoms and longer recovery times.
Common Sports
- Football (American & Rugby)
- Cricket
- Soccer
- Ice Hockey
- Basketball
- Boxing/Martial Arts
- Cycling
Causes of Concussion
- Direct blow to the head
- Sudden falls or collisions
- High-impact tackles or hits
- Any History of Concussion
- Whiplash-type movement of the head and neck
Difference Between Sports and Normal Individuals
- Athletes often face repeated head impacts and require structured RTS to avoid second injuries.
- Non-athletes may sustain concussions through falls or accidents but don’t face the same performance demands or reinjury risks as athletes.
Role of Physiotherapy
Physiotherapists play a critical role in concussion management by:
- Monitoring symptoms
- Guiding through the RTS protocol
- Addressing balance, coordination, and neck issues
- Educating on injury prevention
How Physiotherapy Helps: From Prevention to Recovery
Physiotherapists play a critical role in concussion management by:
- Preventive Measures: Education on safe techniques, posture, and protective gear
- Early Phase: Symptom assessment, cognitive rest
- Recovery Phase: Gradual return-to-activity exercises, vestibular rehab, neck strengthening
- Final Phase: Ensuring full symptom resolution before return to sport
- On-field physio can help to detect Concussion after injury
Take Away
Physiotherapists play a critical role in concussion management by:
- Never ignore a head injury, even if symptoms seem mild
- RTS protocol is essential to prevent second impact syndrome
- Physiotherapy ensures a safe and structured recovery
If Neglected, Then Complications
- Prolonged symptoms (Post-Concussion Syndrome)
- Poor academic or work performance
- Emotional issues like anxiety or depression
- Risk of Second Impact Syndrome, which can be fatal
When to Seek Help
Seek medical or physiotherapy attention if you notice:
- Headache, confusion, dizziness
- Difficulty in concentration
- Nausea, blurred vision, or memory loss
- Symptoms lasting beyond a few days
Stay Safe. Heal Right. Return Strong.
Physiotherapy leads the way in safe recovery from concussions.
