If you’re wondering what these genes do, how mutations affect your health, and whether you should consider BRCA genetic testing, this article offers a clear, medically accurate, and accessible guide.
What Are BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes?
BRCA1 (BReast CAncer gene 1) and BRCA2 (BReast CAncer gene 2) are tumor suppressor genes. Their primary role is to help repair DNA damage and maintain the stability of genetic material in your cells. When working properly, they prevent cells from growing and dividing too rapidly.
However, when a mutation occurs in either of these genes, it increases the risk of abnormal cell growth, which can lead to cancer. These mutations are inherited, meaning they are passed down through families.
What Happens If You Have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutation?
A mutation in either gene significantly increases your lifetime risk of developing certain cancers, particularly:
| Cancer Type | General Population Risk | BRCA Mutation Carrier Risk |
|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer (Women) | ~12% | Up to 72% (BRCA1/2) |
| Ovarian Cancer | ~1.3% | Up to 44% (BRCA1), ~17% (BRCA2) |
| Prostate Cancer (Men) | Common | Elevated with BRCA2 mutation |
| Pancreatic Cancer | Low | Higher in BRCA2 carriers |
| Male Breast Cancer | Very rare | Increased with BRCA2 mutation |
Who Should Consider BRCA1/2 Testing?
Genetic testing is not required for everyone, but it’s recommended if you have:
- A family history of breast, ovarian, pancreatic, or prostate cancer
- A relative diagnosed with breast cancer before age 45
- A male family member with breast cancer
- A known BRCA mutation in the family
- Belong to ethnic groups with a high BRCA prevalence (e.g., Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry)
How is BRCA Testing Done?
BRCA genetic testing is a simple and accurate way to understand your inherited cancer risk.
- Sample required: Blood or saliva
- Turnaround time: 2–3 weeks
- Preparation: No fasting needed
- Counseling: Pre- and post-test genetic counseling is strongly recommended
At NM Medical, we offer BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing in partnership with India’s top accredited labs, ensuring international accuracy and reliability.
What Do the Results Mean?
Positive BRCA1/2 Result
You carry a mutation and have a higher risk of developing specific cancers. It doesn’t mean you currently have cancer, but it allows you to take preventive steps.
Negative Result
Variants of Uncertain Significance (VUS)
What Can You Do If You’re BRCA Positive?
With expert guidance, you can manage your risk through:
- Enhanced screening (early and frequent mammograms, breast MRIs)
- Risk-reducing medications
- Preventive surgery in high-risk cases (e.g., mastectomy or oophorectomy)
- Family member testing through cascade testing
- Lifestyle changes and regular health check-ups
Cost of BRCA Testing in India
The cost of BRCA testing in India can range from ₹12,000 to ₹25,000, depending on the panel chosen. At NM Medical, we offer affordable BRCA testing with full support from certified genetic counselors in Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, and Nashik.
Why Choose NM Medical for BRCA Testing?
- Accurate BRCA1/2 testing with NABL- and CAP-accredited labs
- Genetic counseling before and after testing
- Home sample collection in major cities
- Transparent pricing and fast report turnaround
- End-to-end care from testing to follow-up
Take Charge of Your Health Today
If you or your loved ones may be at risk, now is the time to take preventive action.
