What is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)?
PFPS, often called “runner’s knee,” is a condition where you feel pain around or behind the kneecap, especially during activities like climbing stairs, squatting, running, or sitting for long periods. It happens when the kneecap doesn’t move smoothly over the thigh bone.
Prevalence & Occurrence
- Prevalence: Around 25% of all knee injuries in sports settings are due to PFPS.
- Occurrence: Common among active individuals, especially adolescents and young adults.
Affected Male-Female Ratio
- More common in females due to wider hips, altered biomechanics, and joint laxity.
- Ratio: Female > Male (approx. 2:1)
Common Sports Linked to PFPS
- Running
- Cycling
- Basketball
- Volleyball
- Soccer
- Dancing
Causes of PFPS
- Overuse and repetitive stress
- Muscle imbalances (weak quadriceps or hip muscles)
- Improper alignment of the kneecap
- Sudden increase in physical activity
- Poor footwear or training surfaces
Common Age Group & Gender
- Age Group: 15–30 years
- Gender: Females more prone
- Why? Higher Q-angle (hip to knee alignment), hormonal influences, and biomechanical differences make adolescent and young adult females more susceptible.
Sports Individuals vs. Normal Individuals
| Factors | Sports Individuals | Non-Athletic Individuals |
|---|---|---|
| Activity Level | High (repetitive load) | Low to Moderate |
| Muscle Imbalance | Common due to overtraining | Common due to weakness |
| Knee Pain Frequency | Frequent | Occasional |
| Risk of PFPS | Higher | Moderate |
| Rehab Response | Faster with guided rehab | Slower without intervention |
Role of Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is essential in both preventing and managing PFPS. It aims to:
- Reduce pain and inflammation
- Strengthen hip and quadriceps muscles
- Correct alignment and improve joint mobility
- Improve flexibility and movement control
- Modify training techniques and posture
From Prevention to Recovery: How Physiotherapy Helps
- Assessment: Identify the root biomechanical issues.
- Pain Management: Modalities like TENS, ultrasound, taping.
- Exercise Therapy: Tailored programs for muscle strengthening, flexibility, and neuromuscular control.
- Gait & Movement Training: Correct faulty patterns.
- Education: Footwear advice, activity modifications, injury prevention strategies.
Takeaway
Early physiotherapy intervention can prevent PFPS from becoming chronic. Awareness, timely care, and proper exercises can keep your knees healthy and strong—whether you’re an athlete or not.
